Propuestas de enseñanza centradas en una trayectoria de aprendizaje de un contenido matemático usando materiales didácticos

El constructo teórico trayectoria de aprendizaje se puede entender cómo un camino hipotético por el que los estudiantes de educación primaria pueden progresar en su aprendizaje de un tópico matemático concreto (Clements y Sarama, 2009). Las trayectorias de aprendizaje son un constructo que puede ayudar a los estudiantes para maestro a aprender a diseñar propuestas de enseñanza que tengan en cuenta estas progresiones en la comprensión de los tópicos matemáticos en los estudiantes de educación primaria . En la asignatura Taller de Matemáticas del Grado en Maestro en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Alicante, un módulo se centra en el análisis de materiales didácticos para la enseñanza visto como mediadores del aprendizaje y en el diseño de propuestas de enseñanza considerando trayectorias de aprendizaje de tópicos matemáticos. Que los futuros profesores conozcan las trayectorias de aprendizaje de los diferentes tópicos matemáticos y el papel que pueden desempeñar los materiales didácticos para favorecer las transiciones críticas en estas trayectorias puede ser esencial para desarrollar la competencia docente

Preliminary study of the genetic differentiation between two variety of cuban creole pig

It is admitted an Iberian origin for the Cuban Creole Pig breed. Inside this breed there exist varieties morphologically very well defined, as the Unhaired and Middlehaired types. The existence of these types is traditionally admitted by Cuban producers, researchers and by the society in general. To confirmate the genetic differentiation of these two morphological types, we have analyzed 93 samples of the breed, with representation of the middlehaired (MD) type (58 animals) and unhaired (UH) type (35 animals) taken from several Cuba provinces. We have used a test of 20 microsatellites of the recommended by FAO/ISAG. The obtained values for the parameters GST (0.74 and 0.12 percent) are extremely low. All these results are showing a no existence of varieties inside the Cuban Creole Pig breed.Al cerdo Criollo Cubano (cCC) se le atribuye un origen ibérico. Dentro de este último existen variedades bien definidas, como la Lampiña y la Entrepelada, las cuales han tenido representación al menos morfológica dentro del cCC. La existencia de estos dos tipos es aceptada en Cuba por productores, investigadores y por la sociedad en general. Con el objetivo de determinar la existencia o no de diferenciación genética entre ellos, se analizaron 93 animales, de ellos, 58 entrepelados y 35 lampiños. Se emplearon 20 microsatélites recomendados por la FAO/ISAG (International Society of Animal Genetics) para estudios de biodiversidad porcina. Los microsatélites se amplificaron mediante la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR) y los fragmentos amplificados se separaron mediante electroforesis en un secuenciador automático. Los valores que se obtienen en los parámetros GST, 0,74 p.100 y 0,12 p.100 son extremadamente bajos, lo que demuestra que dentro del cCC no existe subdivisión varietal

Epifisiolisis de la extremidad interna de la clavícula: Revisión de la literatura a propósito de un caso

La fractura de la parte interna de la clavícula con desplazamiento anterosuperior del fragmento externo clavicular, es una lesión relativamente inusual en todos los grupos de edad. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 11 años de edad que sufrió una epifisiolisis tipo II de Salter y Harris de la extremidad interna de la clavícula con desplazamiento anterior, con un tiempo de seguimiento de 9 meses. El diagnóstico se basa en la sospecha clínica y en las pruebas de imagen, siendo la TAC de particular utilidad. Se compara el tratamiento realizado con otros publicados, y se constata que la terapéutica conservadora con un vendaje de Velpeau dio excelentes resultados. Se discute el diagnóstico diferencia con otras lesiones en esta localización, especialmente con la luxación esternoclavicular pura, realizando una revisión de la literatura al respecto.Anterior displacement of the fractured lateral end of the clavicle is an unusual lesion regardless of the age group. We are reporting a case of an eleven-year-old patient who presented a Salter and Harris type II epiphyseal fracture of the internal end of the clavicle with anterior displacement. The follow-up period was 9 months. Diagnosis is based on clinical suspicion and imaging tests, being CT scan particularly useful. Performed treatment is compared with other ones published. Conservative treatment with a Velpeau bandage gave excellent results. Differential diagnosis with other injuries at this location is presented, especially with pure sternoclavicular dislocation. A review of the literature is made

Flow regime effects over non-cavitating diesel injection nozzles

[EN] The research conducted and explained in this paper aims to explore and understand the influence of flow regime (laminar, transition or turbulent) inside diesel injector nozzles. For this purpose, an experimental study based on mass flow rate and momentum flux measurements on three convergent nozzles has been carried out. The combination of both types of measurement has been helpful to obtain information about the nature of the flow and its consequences on important variables, such as injection effective velocity and effective area of nozzle outlet orifices. As a main result of the investigation, and depending of the flow regime, a differentiated behaviour has been observed which was clearly reflected in the non-dimensional flow parameters defined and used through the study. © Author 2011.This work was supported by Project ‘Estudio de la influencia del levantamiento de aguja en el proceso de inyeccio´n die´sel’ from Universidad Polite´cnica de Valencia, Spain [grant number PAID-06-10-2362].Payri, R.; Salvador, F.; Gimeno, J.; García Martínez, A. (2012). Flow regime effects over non-cavitating diesel injection nozzles. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering. 226(1):133-144. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407011413056S133144226

Influence of processing conditions on microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties of graphene nanoplatelet reinforced UHMWPE

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a relevant thermoplastic in industry and a well-proven standard biomaterial in joint replacements. To enhance its tribological properties while preserving its bulk ones, composite coatings on a UHMWPE substrate were prepared using non-functionalised graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) at reinforcement concentration of 0.1–5 wt% and two mechanical mixing techniques (ball mill or blade mixer) with different consolidation temperatures of 175–240 °C. Changes in morphology and size of the UHMWPE particles before hot-pressing were observed in function of the mechanical mixing techniques applied. Wear rate was affected by graphene content, reaching a minimum at 0.5 wt% GNP, with a reduction of 20 and 15%, for ball milling and blade mixer, respectively. However, blade mixer increased the wear rate by around twice respect the ball milling results, for all the studied materials. The coefficient of friction decreased notably, by ~25%, below 3 wt% GNP content, and hardness increased by 24%, regardless of the mechanical mixing process used. Finally, consolidation temperature had a positive influence on wear rate at temperatures of around 195 °C, which could be related to the free radical scavenger effect of the GNP

A methodological proposal and tool support for the HL7 standards compliance in the development of health information systems

Health information systems are increasingly complex, and their development is presented as a challenge for software development companies offering quality, maintainable and interoperable products. HL7 (Health level 7) International, an international non-profit organization, defines and maintains standards related to health information systems. However, the modelling languages proposed by HL7 are far removed from standard languages and widely known by software engineers. In these lines, NDT is a software development methodology that has a support tool called NDT-Suite and is based, on the one hand, on the paradigm of model-driven engineering and, on the other hand, in UML that is a widely recognized standard language. This paper proposes an extension of the NDT methodology called MoDHE (Model Driven Health Engineering) to offer software engineers a methodology capable of modelling health information systems conforming to HL7 using UML domain models

Caracterización genética preliminar del cerdo criollo cubano utilizando microsatélites

En este trabajo se pretende caracterizar genéticamente el cerdo Criollo Cubano para conocer su actual estado. Se analizaron 93 muestras de esta raza, con representación de animales entrepelados y lampiños, procedentes de varias provincias del país. Se han empleado 20 microsatélites de los recomendados por la FAO/ ISAG (International Society of Animal Genetics) para estudios de biodiversidad porcina. Todos los microsatélites utilizados han resultado polimórficos y se han encontrado entre 4 alelos para el S0227 y 12 para el S0068, con un número medio de alelos de 8,2. La heterocigosidad media esperada ha sido 0,6535 y la observada 0,6335. Los valores del PIC oscilaron entre 0,23 y 0,83 para los loci S0227 y S0068 respectivamente. Estos resultados permiten concluir que la raza manifiesta una adecuada diversidad genética

Extending EPANET capabilities with Add-In Tools

[EN] EPANET is probably the most widespread model for water distribution network (WDN). More than twenty years after its appearance, it has become a global reference both for hydraulic and quality analysis of water networks. In 2000, EPANET 2 appears, which includes as most important computational feature a new Toolkit. This toolkit was a library of functions allowing the modification of network data and reading results without access to the appropriate files. Over time, the use of this library has been the communication protocol for every application developers who use the method propose by Todini and Pilati to analyze the behavior of WDN. This library also provides interface tools that allow the execution of a simulation from an external application, as long as the network characteristics had been previously defined. This paper presents a change in the original EPANET model, including a new menu in the graphical user interface (GUI). This menu allows users to set up a personal collection of Add-In tools, which use both project data and simulation results. These tools can be customized and allows to extend the analysis capability of EPANET. All of them can access EPANET functions through the Toolkit and were developed by the authors during the Spanish translation of EPANET, taking into account the homologous Add-in tools developed for SWMM model. As an example of the operation and capabilities of this new menu, several applications integrated as EPANET add-in tools are presented. These tools perform tasks such as importing data network from both CAD and GIS systems, the design of WDNs using genetic algorithms, automatic assignment of initial water quality to network nodes; the skeletonization of a network or optimization of pumping schedule in the network in order to achieve a minimum energy cost.Iglesias Rey, PL.; Martínez-Solano, FJ.; Ribelles-Aguilar, J. (2017). Extending EPANET capabilities with Add-In Tools. Procedia Engineering. 186:626-634. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.03.279S62663418